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The Nobel Prize ((:noˈbɛl), Swedish definite form, singular: ''Nobelpriset'', Norwegian: ''Nobelprisen'') is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of categories by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and scientific advances. The will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=All Nobel Laureates )〕 of whom 12 have been Muslim. The prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace were first awarded in 1901.〔() “Which country has the best brains?”, BBC News, published October 8, 2010, retrieved December 6, 2011.〕 An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969.〔() ''Nobel Prize (2007)'', in ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', ''accessed 14 November 2007, from'' ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'': 〕〔() ''About the Nobel Prizes, Nobel Foundation, retrieved April 8, 2012''〕 The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while the other prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden. The Nobel Prize is widely regarded as the most prestigious award available in the fields of literature, medicine, physics, chemistry, peace and economics. As of 2015, twelve Nobel Prize winners have been Muslims. More than half of the twelve Muslim Nobel laureates were awarded the prize in the 21st century. Seven of the twelve winners have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, including a controversial award to Yasser Arafat. The recipient of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics, Abdus Salam, was a member of the Ahmadiyya community of Pakistan. Aziz Sancar is the second Turkish Nobel laureate and the first Muslim to be awarded Nobel prize in the field of molecular biology in 2015 . Muslims make up over 23% of the world's population.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Turmoil in the world of Islam )〕 ==Peace== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Muslim Nobel laureates」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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